وَحَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَجُلاً، يَسْأَلُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ الأَنْفَالِ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ الْفَرَسُ مِنَ النَّفَلِ وَالسَّلَبُ مِنَ النَّفَلِ . قَالَ ثُمَّ عَادَ الرَّجُلُ لِمَسْأَلَتِهِ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ذَلِكَ أَيْضًا ثُمَّ قَالَ الرَّجُلُ الأَنْفَالُ الَّتِي قَالَ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ مَا هِيَ قَالَ الْقَاسِمُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَسْأَلُهُ حَتَّى كَادَ أَنْ يُحْرِجَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَتَدْرُونَ مَا مَثَلُ هَذَا مَثَلُ صَبِيغٍ الَّذِي ضَرَبَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ . قَالَ وَسُئِلَ مَالِكٌ عَمَّنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلاً مِنَ الْعَدُوِّ أَيَكُونُ لَهُ سَلَبُهُ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ الإِمَامِ قَالَ لاَ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ لأَحَدٍ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ الإِمَامِ وَلاَ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الإِمَامِ إِلاَّ عَلَى وَجْهِ الاِجْتِهَادِ وَلَمْ يَبْلُغْنِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلاً فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ " . إِلاَّ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ .
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that al-Qasim ibnMuhammad said that he had heard a man asking ibn Abbas about booty.Ibn Abbas said, "Horses are part of the booty and personal effects areas well." Then the man repeated his question, and Ibn Abbasrepeated his answer. Then the man said, "What are the spoils which He,the Blessed, the Exalted, mentioned in His Book?" He kept on askinguntil Ibn Abbas was on the verge of being annoyed, then Ibn Abbassaid, "Do you know who this man is like? Ibn Sabigh, who was beaten byUmar ibn al-Khattab because he was notorious for asking foolishquestions." Yahya said that Malik was asked whether someonewho killed one of the enemy could keep the man's effects without thepermission of the Imam. He said, "No one can do that without thepermission of the Imam. Only the Imam can make ijtihad. I have notheard that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant himpeace, ever said, 'Whoever kills someone can have his effects,' on anyother day than the day of Hunayn." 3 Translation Not Available
Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 21 Hadith no 980
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 21 Hadith no 19
حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ كَانَ النَّاسُ يُعْطَوْنَ النَّفَلَ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ . قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَذَلِكَ أَحْسَنُ مَا سَمِعْتُ إِلَىَّ فِي ذَلِكَ . وَسُئِلَ مَالِكٌ عَنِ النَّفَلِ هَلْ يَكُونُ فِي أَوَّلِ مَغْنَمٍ قَالَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى وَجْهِ الاِجْتِهَادِ مِنَ الإِمَامِ وَلَيْسَ عِنْدَنَا فِي ذَلِكَ أَمْرٌ مَعْرُوفٌ مَوْثُوقٌ إِلاَّ اجْتِهَادُ السُّلْطَانِ وَلَمْ يَبْلُغْنِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَفَّلَ فِي مَغَازِيهِ كُلِّهَا وَقَدْ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّهُ نَفَّلَ فِي بَعْضِهَا يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ وَإِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ عَلَى وَجْهِ الاِجْتِهَادِ مِنَ الإِمَامِ فِي أَوَّلِ مَغْنَمٍ وَفِيمَا بَعْدَهُ .
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad that Said ibn al-Musayyab said, "People used to be given bonuses from the Khumus." Malik said, "That is the best of what I have heard on the matter." Malik was asked about bonuses and whether they were takenfrom the first of the spoils, and he said, "That is only decidedaccording to the ijtihad of the Imam. We do not have a known reliablecommand about that other than it is up to the ijtihad of the Sultan. Ihave not heard that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him andgrant him peace, gave bonuses in all his raids. I have only heard thathe gave bonuses in one of them, namely the day of Hunayn. It dependson the ijtihad of the Imam whether they are taken from the first ofthe spoils or what is after it." Translation Not Available
Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 21 Hadith no 981
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 21 Hadith no 20
حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، كَانَ يَقُولُ لِلْفَرَسِ سَهْمَانِ وَلِلرَّجُلِ سَهْمٌ . قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَلَمْ أَزَلْ أَسْمَعُ ذَلِكَ . وَسُئِلَ مَالِكٌ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَحْضُرُ بِأَفْرَاسٍ كَثِيرَةٍ فَهَلْ يُقْسَمُ لَهَا كُلِّهَا فَقَالَ لَمْ أَسْمَعْ بِذَلِكَ وَلاَ أَرَى أَنْ يُقْسَمَ إِلاَّ لِفَرَسٍ وَاحِدٍ الَّذِي يُقَاتِلُ عَلَيْهِ . قَالَ مَالِكٌ لاَ أَرَى الْبَرَاذِينَ وَالْهُجُنَ إِلاَّ مِنَ الْخَيْلِ لأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى قَالَ فِي كِتَابِهِ {وَالْخَيْلَ وَالْبِغَالَ وَالْحَمِيرَ لِتَرْكَبُوهَا وَزِينَةً} وَقَالَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {وَأَعِدُّوا لَهُمْ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ مِنْ قُوَّةٍ وَمِنْ رِبَاطِ الْخَيْلِ تُرْهِبُونَ بِهِ عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ وَعَدُوَّكُمْ} فَأَنَا أَرَى الْبَرَاذِينَ وَالْهُجُنَ مِنَ الْخَيْلِ إِذَا أَجَازَهَا الْوَالِي وَقَدْ قَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ وَسُئِلَ عَنِ الْبَرَاذِينَ هَلْ فِيهَا مِنْ صَدَقَةٍ فَقَالَ وَهَلْ فِي الْخَيْلِ مِنْ صَدَقَةٍ
Yahya related to me that Malik said that he had heard that Umaribn Abd al-Aziz used to say, "The man on horse-back has two shares,and the man on foot has one." Malik added, "I continue tohear the same." Malik, when asked whether a man who waspresent with several horses took a share for all of them, said, "Ihave never heard that. I think that there is only a share for thehorse on which he fought." Malik said, "I think that foreignhorses and half-breeds are considered as horses because Allah, theBlessed, the Exalted, said in His Book, 'All horses, and mules, andasses, for you to ride, and as an adornment.' (Sura16 ayat 8). Hesaid, the Mighty, the Majestic, 'Make ready for them whatever forceand strings of horses you can, to terrify thereby the enemy of Allahand your enemy.' (Sura 8 ayat 60). I think that foreign breeds andhalf-breeds are considered as horses if the governor accepts them." Said ibn al-Musayyab was asked about working horses, andwhether there was zakat on them. He said, "Is there any zakat onhorses.?" Translation Not Available
Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 21 Hadith no 982
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 21 Hadith no 21
حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم حِينَ صَدَرَ مِنْ حُنَيْنٍ وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ الْجِعِرَّانَةَ سَأَلَهُ النَّاسُ حَتَّى دَنَتْ بِهِ نَاقَتُهُ مِنْ شَجَرَةٍ فَتَشَبَّكَتْ بِرِدَائِهِ حَتَّى نَزَعَتْهُ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " رُدُّوا عَلَىَّ رِدَائِي أَتَخَافُونَ أَنْ لاَ أَقْسِمَ بَيْنَكُمْ مَا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَوْ أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِثْلَ سَمُرِ تِهَامَةَ نَعَمًا لَقَسَمْتُهُ بَيْنَكُمْ ثُمَّ لاَ تَجِدُونِي بَخِيلاً وَلاَ جَبَانًا وَلاَ كَذَّابًا " . فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَامَ فِي النَّاسِ فَقَالَ " أَدُّوا الْخِيَاطَ وَالْمِخْيَطَ فَإِنَّ الْغُلُولَ عَارٌ وَنَارٌ وَشَنَارٌ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ " . قَالَ ثُمَّ تَنَاوَلَ مِنَ الأَرْضِ وَبَرَةً مِنْ بَعِيرٍ أَوْ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ قَالَ " وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا لِي مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلاَ مِثْلَ هَذِهِ إِلاَّ الْخُمُسُ وَالْخُمُسُ مَرْدُودٌ عَلَيْكُمْ " .
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abd ar-Rahman ibn Said fromAmr ibn Shuayb that when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless himand grant him peace, came back from Hunayn heading for al-Jiirrana,the people crowded around so much to question him that his she-camelbacked into a tree, which became entangled in his cloak and pulled itoff his back. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and granthim peace, said, "Return my cloak to me. Are you afraid that I willnot distribute among you what Allah has given you as spoils. By He inwhose hand my self is! Had Allah given you spoils equal to the numberof acacia trees on the plain of Tihama, I would have distributed itamong you. You will not find me to be miserly, cowardly, or a liar."Then the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,got down and stood among the people, and said, "Hand over even theneedle and thread, for stealing from the spoils is disgrace, fire,ignominy on the Day of Rising for people who do it." Then he took abit of camel fluff or something from the ground and said, "By He inwhose hand my self is! What Allah has made spoils for you is not mine- even the like of this! - except for the tax of one fifth, and thetax of one fifth is returned to you." Translation Not Available
Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 21 Hadith no 983
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 21 Hadith no 22
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَبَّانَ، أَنَّ زَيْدَ بْنَ خَالِدٍ الْجُهَنِيَّ، قَالَ تُوُفِّيَ رَجُلٌ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ وَإِنَّهُمْ ذَكَرُوهُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَزَعَمَ زَيْدٌ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " صَلُّوا عَلَى صَاحِبِكُمْ " . فَتَغَيَّرَتْ وُجُوهُ النَّاسِ لِذَلِكَ فَزَعَمَ زَيْدٌ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " إِنَّ صَاحِبَكُمْ قَدْ غَلَّ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ " . قَالَ فَفَتَحْنَا مَتَاعَهُ فَوَجَدْنَا خَرَزَاتٍ مِنْ خَرَزِ يَهُودَ مَا تُسَاوِينَ دِرْهَمَيْنِ .
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said from Muhammadibn Yahya ibn Habban from Ibn Abi Amra that Zayd ibn Khalid al-Juhanisaid, "A man died on the day of Hunayn, and they mentioned him to theMessenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace." Zaydclaimed that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant himpeace, said, "You pray over your companion." (i.e. he would not prayhimself). The people's faces dropped at that. Zayd claimed that theMessenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said,"Your companion stole from the spoils taken in the way of Allah." Zaydsaid, "So we opened up his baggage and found some Jews' beads worthabout two dirhams." Translation Not Available
Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 21 Hadith no 984
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 21 Hadith no 23
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ الْكِنَانِيِّ، أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَتَى النَّاسَ فِي قَبَائِلِهِمْ يَدْعُو لَهُمْ وَأَنَّهُ تَرَكَ قَبِيلَةً مِنَ الْقَبَائِلِ - قَالَ - وَإِنَّ الْقَبِيلَةَ وَجَدُوا فِي بَرْدَعَةِ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ عِقْدَ جَزْعٍ غُلُولاً فَأَتَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَكَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ كَمَا يُكَبِّرُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ .
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said from Abdullahibn al-Mughira ibn Abi Burda al-Kinani that he had heard that theMessenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came tothe people in their tribes and made dua for them, but left out one ofthe tribes. Abdullah related, "The tribe found an onyx necklace in thesaddle-bags of one of their men. The Messenger of Allah, may Allahbless him and grant him peace, came to them, and then did the takbirover them as one does the takbir over the dead." Translation Not Available
Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 21 Hadith no 985
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 21 Hadith no 24
