وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ الْقَاسِمَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَسَالِمَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَسُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ يَسَارٍ، كَانُوا يَقُولُونَ فِي الْبِكْرِ يُزَوِّجُهَا أَبُوهَا بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهَا إِنَّ ذَلِكَ لاَزِمٌ لَهَا .
Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that al-Qasimibn Muhammad and Salim ibn Abdullah and Sulayman ibn Yasar said aboutthe virgin given by her father in marriage without her permission,"That is binding on her." Translation Not Available
Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 1100
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 7
حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ السَّاعِدِيِّ، . أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم جَاءَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي قَدْ وَهَبْتُ نَفْسِي لَكَ فَقَامَتْ قِيَامًا طَوِيلاً فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ زَوِّجْنِيهَا إِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ لَكَ بِهَا حَاجَةٌ . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " هَلْ عِنْدَكَ مِنْ شَىْءٍ تُصْدِقُهَا إِيَّاهُ " . فَقَالَ مَا عِنْدِي إِلاَّ إِزَارِي هَذَا . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " إِنْ أَعْطَيْتَهَا إِيَّاهُ جَلَسْتَ لاَ إِزَارَ لَكَ فَالْتَمِسْ شَيْئًا " . فَقَالَ مَا أَجِدُ شَيْئًا . قَالَ " الْتَمِسْ وَلَوْ خَاتَمًا مِنْ حَدِيدٍ " . فَالْتَمَسَ فَلَمْ يَجِدْ شَيْئًا . فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " هَلْ مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ شَىْءٌ " . فَقَالَ نَعَمْ مَعِي سُورَةُ كَذَا وَسُورَةُ كَذَا . لِسُوَرٍ سَمَّاهَا . فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " قَدْ أَنْكَحْتُكَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ " .
Yahya related to me from Malik from Malik from Abu Hazim ibnDinar from Sahl ibn Sad as-Saidi that a woman came to the Messenger ofAllah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, "Messengerof Allah! I have given myself to you." She stood for a long time, andthen a man got up and said, "Messenger of Allah, marry her to me ifyou have no need of her." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless himand grant him peace, said, "Do you have anything to give her as abride-price?" He said, "I possess only this lower garment of mine."The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said,"If you give it to her you will not have a garment to wear so look forsomething else." He said, "I have nothing else." He said, "Look forsomething else, even if it is only an iron ring." He looked, and foundthat he had nothing. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him andgrant him peace, said, "Do you know any of the Qur'an?" He said, "Yes.I know such-and-such a sura and such-and-such a sura," which he named.The Messengerof Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saidto him, "I have married her to you for what you know of the Qur'an." Translation Not Available
Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 1101
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 8
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً وَبِهَا جُنُونٌ أَوْ جُذَامٌ أَوْ بَرَصٌ فَمَسَّهَا فَلَهَا صَدَاقُهَا كَامِلاً وَذَلِكَ لِزَوْجِهَا غُرْمٌ عَلَى وَلِيِّهَا . قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَإِنَّمَا يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ غُرْمًا عَلَى وَلِيِّهَا لِزَوْجِهَا إِذَا كَانَ وَلِيُّهَا الَّذِي أَنْكَحَهَا هُوَ أَبُوهَا أَوْ أَخُوهَا أَوْ مَنْ يُرَى أَنَّهُ يَعْلَمُ ذَلِكَ مِنْهَا فَأَمَّا إِذَا كَانَ وَلِيُّهَا الَّذِي أَنْكَحَهَا ابْنَ عَمٍّ أَوْ مَوْلًى أَوْ مِنَ الْعَشِيرَةِ مِمَّنْ يُرَى أَنَّهُ لاَ يَعْلَمُ ذَلِكَ مِنْهَا فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ غُرْمٌ وَتَرُدُّ تِلْكَ الْمَرْأَةُ مَا أَخَذَتْهُ مِنْ صَدَاقِهَا وَيَتْرُكُ لَهَا قَدْرَ مَا تُسْتَحَلُّ بِهِ .
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that Said ibnal-Musayyab had said that Umar ibn al-Khattab said, "If a man marriesa woman who is insane, or has leprosy or white leprosy, without beingtold of her condition by her guardian, and he has sexual relationswith her, she keeps her bride-price in its entirety. Her husband hasdamages against her guardian." Malik said, "The husband hasdamages against her guardian when the guardian is her father, brother,or one who is deemed to have knowledge of her condition. If theguardian who gives her in marriage is a nephew, a mawla or a member ofher tribe who is not deemed to have knowledge of her condition, thereare no damages against him, and the woman returns what she has takenof her bride-price, and the husband leaves her whatever amount isthought to be fair." Translation Not Available
Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 1102
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 9
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، أَنَّ ابْنَةَ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، - وَأُمُّهَا بِنْتُ زَيْدِ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ - كَانَتْ تَحْتَ ابْنٍ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ فَمَاتَ وَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا وَلَمْ يُسَمِّ لَهَا صَدَاقًا فَابْتَغَتْ أُمُّهَا صَدَاقَهَا فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ لَيْسَ لَهَا صَدَاقٌ وَلَوْ كَانَ لَهَا صَدَاقٌ لَمْ نُمْسِكْهُ وَلَمْ نَظْلِمْهَا . فَأَبَتْ أُمُّهَا أَنْ تَقْبَلَ ذَلِكَ فَجَعَلُوا بَيْنَهُمْ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ فَقَضَى أَنْ لاَ صَدَاقَ لَهَا وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ .
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that the daughter ofUbaydullah ibn Umar whose mother was the daughter of Zayd ibn al-Khattab, married the son of Abdullah ibn Umar. He died and had not yetconsummated the marriage or specified her bride-price. Her motherwanted the bride-price, and Abdullah ibn Umar said, "She is notentitled to a bride-price. Had she been entitled to a bride-price, wewould not have kept it and we would not do her an injustice. "Themother refused to accept that. Zayd ibn Thabit was brought toadjudicate between them and he decided that she had no bride-price,but that she did inherit. Translation Not Available
Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 1103
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 10
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، كَتَبَ فِي خِلاَفَتِهِ إِلَى بَعْضِ عُمَّالِهِ أَنَّ كُلَّ مَا اشْتَرَطَ الْمُنْكِحُ - مَنْ كَانَ أَبًا أَوْ غَيْرَهُ - مِنْ حِبَاءٍ أَوْ كَرَامَةٍ فَهُوَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ إِنِ ابْتَغَتْهُ . قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي الْمَرْأَةِ يُنْكِحُهَا أَبُوهَا وَيَشْتَرِطُ فِي صَدَاقِهَا الْحِبَاءَ يُحْبَى بِهِ إِنَّ مَا كَانَ مِنْ شَرْطٍ يَقَعُ بِهِ النِّكَاحُ فَهُوَ لاِبْنَتِهِ إِنِ ابْتَغَتْهُ وَإِنْ فَارَقَهَا زَوْجُهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَلِزَوْجِهَا شَطْرُ الْحِبَاءِ الَّذِي وَقَعَ بِهِ النِّكَاحُ . قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي الرَّجُلِ يُزَوِّجُ ابْنَهُ صَغِيرًا لاَ مَالَ لَهُ إِنَّ الصَّدَاقَ عَلَى أَبِيهِ إِذَا كَانَ الْغُلاَمُ يَوْمَ تَزَوَّجَ لاَ مَالَ لَهُ وَإِنْ كَانَ لِلْغُلاَمِ مَالٌ فَالصَّدَاقُ فِي مَالِ الْغُلاَمِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُسَمِّيَ الأَبُ أَنَّ الصَّدَاقَ عَلَيْهِ وَذَلِكَ النِّكَاحُ ثَابِتٌ عَلَى الاِبْنِ إِذَا كَانَ صَغِيرًا وَكَانَ فِي وِلاَيَةِ أَبِيهِ . قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي طَلاَقِ الرَّجُلِ امْرَأَتَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا وَهِيَ بِكْرٌ فَيَعْفُوَ أَبُوهَا عَنْ نِصْفِ الصَّدَاقِ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ جَائِزٌ لِزَوْجِهَا مِنْ أَبِيهَا فِيمَا وَضَعَ عَنْهُ . قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى قَالَ فِي كِتَابِهِ {إِلاَّ أَنْ يَعْفُونَ} فَهُنَّ النِّسَاءُ اللاَّتِي قَدْ دُخِلَ بِهِنَّ {أَوْ يَعْفُوَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ عُقْدَةُ النِّكَاحِ} فَهُوَ الأَبُ فِي ابْنَتِهِ الْبِكْرِ وَالسَّيِّدُ فِي أَمَتِهِ . قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَهَذَا الَّذِي سَمِعْتُ فِي ذَلِكَ وَالَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الأَمْرُ عِنْدَنَا . قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي الْيَهُودِيَّةِ أَوِ النَّصْرَانِيَّةِ تَحْتَ الْيَهُودِيِّ أَوِ النَّصْرَانِيِّ فَتُسْلِمُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا أَنَّهُ لاَ صَدَاقَ لَهَا . قَالَ مَالِكٌ لاَ أَرَى أَنْ تُنْكَحَ الْمَرْأَةُ بِأَقَلَّ مِنْ رُبْعِ دِينَارٍ وَذَلِكَ أَدْنَى مَا يَجِبُ فِيهِ الْقَطْعُ .
Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that Umar ibnAbd al-Aziz during his khalifate, wrote to one of his governors,"Whatever a father, or guardian, who gives someone in marriage, makesa condition in the way of unreturnable gift or of favour, belongs tothe woman if she wants it." Malik spoke about a woman whosefather gave her in marriage and made an unreturnable gift a conditionof the bride-price which was to be given. He said, "Whatever is givenas a condition by which marriage occurs belongs to the woman if shewants it. If the husband parts from her before the marriage isconsummated, the husband has half of the unreturnable gift by whichthe marriage occurred." Malik said about a man who marriedoff his young son and the son had no wealth at all, that the bride-price was obliged of the father if the young man had no property onthe day of marriage. If the young man did have property the bride-price was taken from his property unless the father stipulated that hewould pay the bride-price. The marriage was affirmed for the son if hewas a minor only if he was under the guardianship of his father. Malik said that if a man divorced his wife before he hadconsummated the marriage and she was a virgin, her father returnedhalf of the bride-price to him. That half was permitted to the husbandfrom the father to compensate him for his expenses. Maliksaid that that was because Allah, the Blessed, the Exalted, said inHis Book, "Unless they (women with whom he had not consummatedmarriage) make remission or he makes remission to him in whose hand isthe knot of marriage." (Sura 2 ayat 237). (He being the father of avirgin daughter or the master of a female slave.) Malik said,"That is what I have heard about the matter, and that is how thingsare done among us." Malik said that a jewish or christianwoman who was married to a jew or christian and then became muslimbefore the marriage had been consummated, did not keep anything fromthe bride-price. Malik said, "I do not think that womenshould be married for less than a quarter of a dinar. That is thelowest amount for which cutting off the hand is obliged ." Translation Not Available
Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 1104
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 11
حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، قَضَى فِي الْمَرْأَةِ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَهَا الرَّجُلُ أَنَّهُ إِذَا أُرْخِيَتِ السُّتُورُ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الصَّدَاقُ .
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said from Said ibnal-Musayyab that 'Umar ibn al-Khattab decided about the woman who wasmarried by a man and the marriage had been consummated, that thebride-price was obligatory. Translation Not Available
Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 1105
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 12
