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Muwatta Imam Malik

Marriage

كتاب النكاح

حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَالْحَسَنِ، ابْنَىْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِمَا، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، رضى الله عنه أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَهَى عَنْ مُتْعَةِ النِّسَاءِ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ وَعَنْ أَكْلِ لُحُومِ الْحُمُرِ الإِنْسِيَّةِ ‏.‏

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Abdullah andHasan, the sons of Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib from their ather,mayAllah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, may Allahbless him and grant him peace, forbade temporary marriage with womenand the flesh of domestic donkeys on the Day of Khaybar. Translation Not Available

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Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 1136
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 41


وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّ خَوْلَةَ بِنْتَ حَكِيمٍ، دَخَلَتْ عَلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ رَبِيعَةَ بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ اسْتَمْتَعَ بِامْرَأَةٍ فَحَمَلَتْ مِنْهُ ‏.‏ فَخَرَجَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ فَزِعًا يَجُرُّ رِدَاءَهُ فَقَالَ هَذِهِ الْمُتْعَةُ وَلَوْ كُنْتُ تَقَدَّمْتُ فِيهَا لَرَجَمْتُ ‏.‏

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Urwa ibn az-Zubayr that Khawla ibn Hakim came to Umar ibn al-Khattab and said,''Rabia ibn Umayya made a temporary marriage with a woman and she ispregnant by him.'' Umar ibn al-Khattab went out in dismay dragging hiscloak, saying, "This temporary marriage, had I come across it, I wouldhave ordered stoning and done away with it! " Translation Not Available

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Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 1137
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 42


حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَبِيعَةَ بْنَ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، يَقُولُ يَنْكِحُ الْعَبْدُ أَرْبَعَ نِسْوَةٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَهَذَا أَحْسَنُ مَا سَمِعْتُ فِي ذَلِكَ ‏.‏ قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَالْعَبْدُ مُخَالِفٌ لِلْمُحَلِّلِ إِنْ أَذِنَ لَهُ سَيِّدُهُ ثَبَتَ نِكَاحُهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَأْذَنْ لَهُ سَيِّدُهُ فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَالْمُحَلِّلُ يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَهُمَا عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ إِذَا أُرِيدَ بِالنِّكَاحِ التَّحْلِيلُ ‏.‏ قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي الْعَبْدِ إِذَا مَلَكَتْهُ امْرَأَتُهُ أَوِ الزَّوْجُ يَمْلِكُ امْرَأَتَهُ إِنَّ مِلْكَ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ يَكُونُ فَسْخًا بِغَيْرِ طَلاَقٍ وَإِنْ تَرَاجَعَا بِنِكَاحٍ بَعْدُ لَمْ تَكُنْ تِلْكَ الْفُرْقَةُ طَلاَقًا ‏.‏ قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَالْعَبْدُ إِذَا أَعْتَقَتْهُ امْرَأَتُهُ إِذَا مَلَكَتْهُ وَهِيَ فِي عِدَّةٍ مِنْهُ لَمْ يَتَرَاجَعَا إِلاَّ بِنِكَاحٍ جَدِيدٍ ‏.‏

Yahya related to me from Malik that he heard Rabia ibn Abd ar-Rahman say that a slave could marry four women. Malik said,"This is the best of what I have heard about the matter." Malik said, "The slave differs with the muhallil if the slave is givenpermission by his master for his ex-wife. If his master does not givehim permission, he separates them. The muhallil is separated in anycase if he intends to make the woman halal by marriage." Malik said, "When a slave is owned by his wife or a husband owns hiswife, the possession of each of them is rendered void without divorce.If a man, for instance, is married to a slave-girl, and then he buysher, he must divorce her as a matter of course. They can then re-marry. If they re-marry afterwards, that separation was not divorce." Malik said, "When a slave is freed by his wife who owns himand she is in the idda-period from him, they can only return to eachother after she has made another marriage." Translation Not Available

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Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 1138
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 43


حَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ نِسَاءً، كُنَّ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يُسْلِمْنَ بِأَرْضِهِنَّ وَهُنَّ غَيْرُ مُهَاجِرَاتٍ وَأَزْوَاجُهُنَّ حِينَ أَسْلَمْنَ كُفَّارٌ مِنْهُنَّ بِنْتُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ ‏.‏ وَكَانَتْ تَحْتَ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ فَأَسْلَمَتْ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ وَهَرَبَ زَوْجُهَا صَفْوَانُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ مِنَ الإِسْلاَمِ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ابْنَ عَمِّهِ وَهْبَ بْنَ عُمَيْرٍ بِرِدَاءِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَمَانًا لِصَفْوَانَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ وَدَعَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِلَى الإِسْلاَمِ وَأَنْ يَقْدَمَ عَلَيْهِ فَإِنْ رَضِيَ أَمْرًا قَبِلَهُ وَإِلاَّ سَيَّرَهُ شَهْرَيْنِ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ صَفْوَانُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِرِدَائِهِ نَادَاهُ عَلَى رُءُوسِ النَّاسِ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّ هَذَا وَهْبَ بْنَ عُمَيْرٍ جَاءَنِي بِرِدَائِكَ وَزَعَمَ أَنَّكَ دَعَوْتَنِي إِلَى الْقُدُومِ عَلَيْكَ فَإِنْ رَضِيتُ أَمْرًا قَبِلْتُهُ وَإِلاَّ سَيَّرْتَنِي شَهْرَيْنِ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ انْزِلْ أَبَا وَهْبٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ لاَ وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَنْزِلُ حَتَّى تُبَيِّنَ لِي ‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ بَلْ لَكَ تَسِيرُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قِبَلَ هَوَازِنَ بِحُنَيْنٍ ‏.‏ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى صَفْوَانَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ يَسْتَعِيرُهُ أَدَاةً وَسِلاَحًا عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ صَفْوَانُ أَطَوْعًا أَمْ كَرْهًا فَقَالَ ‏"‏ بَلْ طَوْعًا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَأَعَارَهُ الأَدَاةَ وَالسِّلاَحَ الَّتِي عِنْدَهُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ صَفْوَانُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَهُوَ كَافِرٌ فَشَهِدَ حُنَيْنًا وَالطَّائِفَ وَهُوَ كَافِرٌ وَامْرَأَتُهُ مُسْلِمَةٌ وَلَمْ يُفَرِّقْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ امْرَأَتِهِ حَتَّى أَسْلَمَ صَفْوَانُ وَاسْتَقَرَّتْ عِنْدَهُ امْرَأَتُهُ بِذَلِكَ النِّكَاحِ ‏.‏

Malik related to me from Ibn Shihab that he had heard that in thetime of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant himpeace, women were becoming muslim in their own lands and they did notdo hijra while their husbands were still kafirun although theythemselves had become muslim. Among them was the daughter of al-Walidibn al-Mughira and she was the wife of Safwan ibn Umayya. She becamemuslim on the day of the conquest (of Makka), and her husband, Safwanibn Umayya fled from Islam. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah blesshim and grant him peace, sent Safwan's paternal cousin, Wahb ibn Umayrwith the cloak of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him andgrant him peace, as a safe-conduct for Safwan ibn Umayya, and theMessenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, calledhim to Islam and asked for him to come to him and if he was pleasedwith the matter to accept it. If not he would have a respite for twomonths. When Safwan came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allahbless him and grant him peace, with his cloak, he called out to himover the heads of the people, "Muhammad! Wahb ibn Umayr brought meyour cloak and claimed that you had summoned me to come to you and ifI was pleased with the matter, I should accept it and if not, youwould give me a respite for two months. "The Messenger of Allah, mayAllah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Come down, Abu Wahb." Hesaid, "No, by Allah! I will not come down until you make it clear tome." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,said, "You have a respite of four months." The Messenger of Allah, mayAllah bless him and grant him peace, went out toward Hawazin atHunayn. He sent to Safwan ibn Umayya to borrow some equipment and armsthat he had. Safwan said, "Willingly or unwillingly?" He said,"Willingly." Therefore he lent him the equipment and arms which hehad. Then Safwan went out with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah blesshim and grant him peace, while he was still a kafir. He was present atthe battles of Hunayn and at-Ta'if while he was still a kafir and hiswife was a muslim. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him andgrant him peace, did not separate Safwan and his wife until he hadbecome muslim, and his wife was settled with him by that marriage. Translation Not Available

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Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 1139
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 44


وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ كَانَ بَيْنَ إِسْلاَمِ صَفْوَانَ وَبَيْنَ إِسْلاَمِ امْرَأَتِهِ نَحْوٌ مِنْ شَهْرٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ وَلَمْ يَبْلُغْنَا أَنَّ امْرَأَةً هَاجَرَتْ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَزَوْجُهَا كَافِرٌ مُقِيمٌ بِدَارِ الْكُفْرِ إِلاَّ فَرَّقَتْ هِجْرَتُهَا بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ زَوْجِهَا إِلاَّ أَنْ يَقْدَمَ زَوْجُهَا مُهَاجِرًا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا ‏.‏

Yahya related to me from Malik that Ibn Shihab said, "Between theIslam of Safwan and the Islam of his wife there was about one month." Ibn Shihab said, "We have not heard about any woman doinghijra for Allah and His Messenger while her husband was a kafirabiding in the land of kufr, but that her hijra separated her and herhusband unless her husband came in hijra before her period of idda hadbeen completed." Translation Not Available

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Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 1140
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 45


وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، أَنَّ أُمَّ حَكِيمٍ بِنْتَ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ، وَكَانَتْ، تَحْتَ عِكْرِمَةَ بْنِ أَبِي جَهْلٍ فَأَسْلَمَتْ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ وَهَرَبَ زَوْجُهَا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ أَبِي جَهْلٍ مِنَ الإِسْلاَمِ حَتَّى قَدِمَ الْيَمَنَ فَارْتَحَلَتْ أُمُّ حَكِيمٍ حَتَّى قَدِمَتْ عَلَيْهِ بِالْيَمَنِ فَدَعَتْهُ إِلَى الإِسْلاَمِ فَأَسْلَمَ وَقَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَثَبَ إِلَيْهِ فَرِحًا وَمَا عَلَيْهِ رِدَاءٌ حَتَّى بَايَعَهُ فَثَبَتَا عَلَى نِكَاحِهِمَا ذَلِكَ ‏.‏ قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَإِذَا أَسْلَمَ الرَّجُلُ قَبْلَ امْرَأَتِهِ وَقَعَتِ الْفُرْقَةُ بَيْنَهُمَا إِذَا عُرِضَ عَلَيْهَا الإِسْلاَمُ فَلَمْ تُسْلِمْ لأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ ‏{‏وَلاَ تُمْسِكُوا بِعِصَمِ الْكَوَافِرِ‏}‏‏.‏

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that Umm Hakimbint al-Harith ibn Hisham who was the wife of Ikrima ibn Abi Jahlbecame muslim on the day of the conquest of Makka, and her husbandIkrima fled from Islam as far as the Yemen. Umm Hakim set out afterhim until she came to him in the Yemen and she called him to Islam,and he became muslim. He went to the Messenger of Allah, may Allahbless him and grant him peace, in the year of the conquest. When theMessenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw him,he rushed to him in joy and did not bother to put on his cloak untilhe had made the pledge with him. They were confirmed in theirmarriage. Malik said, "If a man becomes muslim before hiswife, a separation occurs between them when he presents Islam to herand she does not become muslim, because Allah, the Blessed, theExalted, said in His Book, 'Do not hold fast to the ties of women whoare kafirun.' " Translation Not Available

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Book reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 1141
Web reference: Muwatta Imam Malik Book 28 Hadith no 46



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